Carburetor



C. D. PRICE CARBURETOR 'March 16', 1937.

Fi lecl March 19, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet l Maia! w; 1937. c, D, PRICE2,073,649

CARBURETOR Filed March 19, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 1'6, 1937. 3,PR|E 2,073,649

CARBURETOR Filed March 19, 1955 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 16, 1937UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CAR-BURET'OH Charles D. Price, Baraboo, Wis.

Application March 19, 1935, Serial ,No'. 11,853

Claims.

This invention relates to a carburetor for use in connection with aninternal combustion engine for vaporizing fuel and one object of theinvention is to provide a carburetor including a chamber in which airand fuel vapors are intermingled prior to entering the intake manifoldof an em gine, means being provided in the chamber for heating the airand fuel vapors and causing the air and fuel vapors to be thoroughlyintermingled as they pass through the chamber.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the heating andmixing chamber that flow of air into the chamber may be accuratelycontrolled according to the speed at which the engine is operatingthrough the medium of gates which are moved in an opening direction byinwardly traveling air and yieldably held against such movement so thatthe extent to which the gates open will be responsive to variations ofsuction created when the engine is operating at different speeds.

Another object of the invention is to permit fuel vapors to be fed intothe mixing chamber from a plurality of fuel chambers or receptacles andnot only allow the quantity of vaporized fuel to be controlled but alsofuel selectively delivered either fromone or more of the fuelreceptacles.

Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a carburetor in which theincoming fuel vapors will be spread above the heater and not only welldistributed in the mixing chamber but also thoroughly intermingled withthe incoming air.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the heating elementof the device that its inlet and outlet necks may be coupled to portionsof the exhaust pipe of an engine and thus permit the hot exhaust gasesto serve as means for heating the heating element.

Another object of the invention is to permit moisture to be deliveredtothe incoming air and allow control of the moisture so that thequantity admitted maybe regulated and entirely cut oil when notnecessary.-

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, whereinFigure 1 is a side elevation of the improved carburetor.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken vertically through the carburetor.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the carburetor.

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken along the line 55 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a section through one of the fuel receptacles taken alongthe line 66 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the fuel nozzle.

This improved carburetor consists briefly of a body 1 defining a mixingchamber 2 in which is mounted a heater 3, a hood 4 through which airpasses into the mixing chamber 2, and fuel receptaciesi} and from whichfuel is selectively delivered through a nozzle 7 into the hood 4 atapproximately the point of communication between the hood and the mixingchamber.

The body iis formed of strong metal and has a reduced lower portion 3terminating in a neck 9 carrying a'fiange it! through which bolts H arepassed to securely but detachably hold the body in engagement with theintake manifold E2 of an internal combustion engine. A butterfly valveI3 is mounted in the neck 9 with its stem I'd projecting from one sideof the neck and carrying crank arms l5 and IE to which an actuating rodl6 and a rod or link ll are connected. By this arrangement the actuatingrod l6 may be of the usual length for connection with operatingmechanism under control of the driver of an automobile or operator of amotor used for any purpose and, therefore, the butterfly valve may beopened or closed in the usual manner.

The hood 4 through which air enters the mixing chamber 2 has a base l8carrying side ears l9 through which bolts 20 are passed, the bolts alsopassing through side ears 2! at the upper end of the body I to securelyhold the hood in. place where it serves as a cover for the upper end. ofthe mixing chambers This hood extends diametrically of the body, asshown in Figure 4, with one end portion projecting beyond the body. Theprojected end is open and constitutes an. inlet through which airpasses, as indicated by the arrows in Figure 2. The air moveslongitudinally of the hood and downwardly through a throat defined bywalls 22 rising from the bottom. of thehood. at opposite sides of apassage or opening 23 formed in the bottom or base of the hood andestablishing communication between the hood and the mixing chamber. Inorder to regulate flow of air through the inlet of the hood, there hasbeen provided a gate valve or choke valve 24 carried by a stem 25journaled transversely throughthe inlet end of the hood and at one sideof the hood projecting therefrom and carrying an arm 26 to which anactuating rod 21 is attached so that the choke valve may be held closedwhen necessary. A spring 28 having one end bearing against an abutment29 in the hood and its other end attached to a set screw 30 carried bythe depending end portion 3l of the choke valve, yieldably resistsopening of the choke valve but permits the choke valve to be swunginwardly in an opening direction. as air is sucked into the hood. Byadjusting the set screw the amount of suction required to open the chokevalve may be regulated.

andrfuel which are mixed in the chamber 2 are to be heated by the heater3 and in order to prevent escape of warm air from this chamber throughthe hood when the motor is cut off, there has been provided gates orshutters 32 and 33 which extend between the walls 22 of the throat andare pivotally mounted at their upper ends by pivot pins 34 extendinglongitudinally of the hood and journaled in upper corner portions of thewalls 22. These shutters have their lower ends curved, as shown at 35and 36, to overlap below the nozzle 1 when the shutters are closed, asshown in Figure 5, and in order to yieldably hold the shutters closed,there has been provided a plunger 3'! which is slidably engaged throughan opening formed in the top wall of the hood and has its lower endpivoted to arms 38 carried by the shutters. These arms have their endsoverlapped and formed with longitudinally extending slots 39 to receivea pin 40 carried by the forked lower end of the plunger whereby the armsmay have sliding and pivotal movement relative to the plunger. About theprojecting upper portion of the plunger is placed a spring 4|, the upperend of which bears against a washer 42 engaged by a nut 43 threaded uponthe upper end of the plunger. Therefore, the spring may serve toyieldably hold the shutters closed and by adjusting the nut the amountof suction required to move the shutters in an opening direction may beregulated. A rocker arm 44 which is pivoted to a bracket 45 carried bythe hood has its outer end pivoted to the upper end of the rod or linkI! and its inner end formed with a downturned head to engage the upperend of the plunger 3i and press upon this plunger to depress the sameand cause the shutters to be moved in an opening direction when thebutterfly valve is opened. It will thus be seen that the shutters willbe moved in an opening direction when the butterfly valve is opened butwhen the engine is speeded up, suction through the throat may cause theshutters to be opened to a greater extent and allow more air to passinto the mixing chamber. Flow of air may, therefore, be controlled bysuction in accordance with the speed at which the engine is operatingand the proper amount of air delivered. At certain times it is desirabletohave moisture supplied to the incoming air and in order to do so,there has been provided a pipe 46 which may lead from the filling neckof a radiator and. is attached to a valve 41 having its outlet neck 48engaged through an opening formed in the top Wall of the hood. Thisvalve has the usual handle 49 to which an operating rod may be attachedso that the valve may be opened or closed according to whether it isdesirable to have moisture supplied to the incoming air. Water dripsfrom the valve onto a platform 49' mounted in the inlet of thecarburetor and, as the platform is disposed at an incline, the waterwill drain off the outer end of the platform if the valveleaks or isaccidentally left open when the motor is at rest.

The fuel receptacles 5 and 6 are carried by a bracket 50 extending fromthe side of the body I opposite the inlet end of the hood and, while twofuel receptacles have been shown, it will be understood that any numbermay be provided. Each of the fuel receptacles is formed as shown inFigure 6 and has a lower inlet neck 5| to which a feed pipe 52 isconnected by a coupling 53. A needle valve 54 extends vertically in thereceptacle with its upper end housed in a cap 55 rising from the cover56 of the receptacle, and in spaced relation to its upper end the needlevalve carries a grooved collar 51 into which engage ends of levers 58pivoted to depending arms 59 carried by the cover. These levers havetheir outer ends turned downwardly for engagement by a float 60 whichfits loosely in the receptacle and from an inspection of Figure 6 itwill be readily seen that when liquid fuel in the receptacle rises to acertain height the float will apply pressure to the downturned ends ofthe levers and cause the needle valve to be forced downwardly and closethe inlet at the bottom of the receptacle. As fuel is consumed the floatlowers thus permitting the downturned and weighted outer ends of thelevers to swing downwardly and cause the needle valve to be drawnupwardly to an open position in which fuel may enter the receptacle andcontinue fiowing inwardly until the valve is again closed. Both of thefuel receptacles may be filled with gasoline or one with gasoline andthe other with kerosene or any other type of fuel desired.

Outlet pipes 6| and 62 through which fuel is delivered from thereceptacles, extend from the lower portions of these receptacles withthe pipe or tube 6| extending about the receptacle 6 from the receptacle5. Both of these tubes extend upwardly, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure2, and at their upper ends communicate with branches 63 and 64 of amanifold pipe or tube 65 which is connected with the outer end of thefuel nozzle 1 by a coupling 66. Needle valves 61 and 68 are threadedinto the arms 63 and 64 of the manifold tube through caps 69 and 10 andat their outer ends carry crank arms H and 12 to which are attachedactuating rods 13 and 14, by means of which the valves may beindividually opened and closed. Therefore, fuel may be fed from one orboth of the receptacles. These receptacles may receive their fuel from acommon fuel tank or from separate fuel tanks and may be used together,or fuel only fed from one receptacle and the other used as a reservesupply. It will also be obvious that if gasoline is fed to onereceptacle and kerosene to another, a motor may be started with gasolineas its fuel and after it has become heated, a mixture of gasoline andkerosene fed to the mixing chamber and the gasoline gradually cut offuntil kerosene alone is used.

Referring to Figure 5 it will be seen that the outlet of the nozzle 'iis in the form of a slot 15 extending longitudinally therein at one sideof the nozzle. Therefore, the fuel when drawn out of the nozzle bysuction will be delivered in a flat spray and strike against an inclinedsurface of one of the shutters. This will cause the fuel to rebound fromthe shutter and become mixed with the incoming air. This mixture of airand fuel passes downwardly through the throat of the hood into the upperend of the mixing chamber where it will encounter a dividing bar 16which extends diametrically through the mixing chamber at right anglesto the fuel nozzle with its ends journaled in openings formed in Wallsof the body. One end projects from the body, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5,and carries a handle 1'! by means of which the dividing bar may beturned about its axis and very effectively control spreading of theincoming mixture of air and fuel.

In order to heat the mixture of air and fuel and cause a more thoroughintermingling of the air and fuel the heater 3 has been mounted in themixing chamber. This heater is in the form of a hollow drum having necksl8 and 19 at opposite sides thereof which are formed integral with wallsof the body and extend outwardly therefrom. At their ends the necksterminate in sockets to receive flexible tubes 80 which preferablybranch from the exhaust pipe of the engine or may form sections thereof,although it will be understood that these flexible pipes may be entirelyseparate from the exhaust and hot air fed through the flexible pipeconnected with the neck 18 in any desired manner. The hot air passesthrough the inlet neck 18 which is controlled by a butterfly valve 8!,the stem 82 of which is journaled through walls of the inlet neck andcarries a crank arm 83 to which an actuating rod is attached so thatthis valve may be opened or closed according to the amount of hot airwhich it is desired to have delivered into I the heating drum. The hotair passes through the heating drum from the inlet neck to the outletneck and in so doing passes around flues 85 which extend verticallythrough the drum and these flues will be heated as well as the walls andupper and lower heads of the drum so that as the mixture of air and fuelpasses downwardly through the mixing chamber about the drum and throughthe fiues, the fuel mixture will be heated and delivered to the intakemanifold of the engine in a heated condition. As the body ofintermingled air and fuel will be divided as it passes through the linesand about the drum, a very thorough mixture will take place. Therefore,a

highly combustible fuel mixture will be delivered into the manifold l2of the engine.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end, a headclosing the other end of the mixing chamber and formed with an openingconstituting an inlet for the mixing chamber, a hood carried by saidhead for delivering air through the inlet into the mixing chamber,shutters pivotally mounted in the hood at opposite sides of the hoodwith their free ends extendingtoward the inlet, yieldable means normallyholding said shutters in position to contact their free ends with eachother and close the inlet, the shutters being movable away from eachother in an opening direction by suction exerted through the mixingchamber, and a fuel nozzle extending across the inlet opening betweensaid shutters and having an outlet opening formed through one side fordischarging fuel against a shutter whereby the fuel will rebound fromthe shutter as a spray toward the other shutter and mix with incomingair when the shutters are open.

2. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end, a headat the other end of said chamber formed with an opening constituting aninlet for the chamber, a fuelnozzle extending across the inlet opening,a heater in said chamber spaced from walls of the chamber and having itsends spaced from ends of the chamber, passages being formed through theheater between its ends, a spreader bar extending through the mixingchamber between the heater and inlet and disposed transversely of saidnozzle, the nozzle having an outlet disposed over the spreader bar, ahood carried by said head for delivering air into the mixing chamberthrough the inlet, partitions in the hood at opposite ends of the inlet,shutters pivoted between said partitions at opposite sides of saidnozzle, arms carried by said shutters, a plunger slidable through thetop of said hood with its inner end engaging said arms, a spring urgingsaid plunger outwardly to draw the shutters toward each other to aclosed position in which the free ends of the shutters contact below thenozzle, the outlet of the nozzle being formed in a side thereof wherebyfuel ejected from the nozzle will strike a shutter and rebound as aspray to mingle with incoming air, and means at the outlet of saidchamber for controlling suction through the outlet.

3. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and aninlet at its other end, a hood for delivering air to the chamber throughthe inlet, shutters at the inlet yieldably held closed and adapted to bemoved to an open position by suction exerted through the outlet wherebyair may be drawn into the mixing chamber through the inlet, a heater inthe mixing chamber between the inlet and outlet, fuel receptacles, afuel nozzle extending transversely through the inlet and between theshutters and formed with an opening for discharging fuel formed in aside of the nozzle whereby fuel ejected from the nozzle will strike ashutter and rebound as a spray to intermingle with incoming air passingthrough the inlet, pipes connecting said fuel receptacles with saidnozzle, and means for selectively controlling flow of fuel from thereceptacles to said nozzle.

4. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and aninlet at its other end, a valve for the outlet having a stem extendingexternally thereof, a nozzle for discharging fuel extending across theinlet, a hood for delivering air into the mixing chamber through theinlet, shutters for controlling flow of air through the inlet pivotallymounted at opposite sides of the inlet with the nozzle extending betweenthe shutters, means to yieldably hold said shutters closed including aplunger projecting outwardly from the hood and a spring about theplunger, said shutters being movable away from the nozzle in an openingdirection by suction exerted through the outlet and mixing chamber, arocker bar pivotally connected with said hood, a link connecting one endof said rocker bar with the stem of said valve, the other end of saidrocker bar being disposed over said plunger for engagement with theplunger to apply pressure thereto and move the plunger in a direction toopen the shutters when the valve is opened, means for supplying fueltosaid nozzle, and a heater in said chamber between the inlet andoutlet.

5'. In a carburetor, a mixing chamber having an outlet at one end and aninlet at its other end, a fuel nozzle extending across the inlet, aheater in said chamber, a spreader bar extending through the mixingchamber between the heater and inlet and disposed transversely of saidnozzle, the nozzle having an outlet disposed over the spreader bar, ahood for delivering air into the mixing chamber through the inlet,partitions in the hood at opposite ends of the inlet, shutters

